Which adverse reaction is associated with ACE inhibitors?

The association of hyperkalemia with ACE inhibitors is well-established within pharmacology. ACE inhibitors function by blocking the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which leads to decreased production of angiotensin II. Angiotensin II plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance, but it also promotes the secretion of aldosterone. Aldosterone is a hormone that encourages the kidneys to retain sodium and excrete potassium. When the action of ACE is inhibited, there is a reduction in aldosterone secretion, which can result in the kidneys retaining potassium. This accumulation of potassium can lead to hyperkalemia, characterized by elevated potassium levels in the blood.

An understanding of this mechanism helps healthcare providers anticipate and monitor potential side effects when prescribing ACE inhibitors, making it crucial in clinical practice. This knowledge aids in managing patient care effectively by ensuring that potassium levels are monitored, especially in patients who may be at higher risk for this adverse effect.