Why is it important to taper off steroid use gradually?

Tapering off steroid use gradually is crucial primarily to prevent adrenal crisis. Corticosteroids suppress the body’s natural production of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that is essential for various bodily functions, including stress response. When a person has been taking steroids for an extended period, the adrenal glands reduce or may even cease production of cortisol because the body is relying on the external supply provided by the medication.

If steroids are suddenly discontinued, the body may not have enough time to resume normal cortisol production, leading to a potentially life-threatening condition known as adrenal crisis. Symptoms of adrenal crisis can include severe fatigue, weakness, low blood pressure, and abdominal pain, and it requires immediate medical attention. Therefore, a gradual taper allows the adrenal glands to adjust and begin producing cortisol again, reducing the risk of crisis and promoting a safer withdrawal from steroid therapy.